計算機機房防靜電技術
時間：2014-12-14作者：admin 瀏覽次數：
1． 引言
計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)房的(de)(de)防靜(jing)電(dian)技術，是(shi)(shi)屬于(yu)(yu)機(ji)(ji)房安全于(yu)(yu)防護范疇的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)。由于(yu)(yu)種種原因(yin)而(er)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)，是(shi)(shi)發生(sheng)(sheng)最頻繁，最難(nan)消(xiao)除的(de)(de)危害之一(yi)(yi)。靜(jing)電(dian)不(bu)僅會對計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)運行出現隨機(ji)(ji)故障，而(er)且還會導致某些(xie)元器件(jian)，如(ru)(ru)CMOS、MOS電(dian)路(lu)(lu)，雙級性(xing)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)等的(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)和毀壞。此外，還會影響(xiang)操(cao)作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)和維護人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)正常的(de)(de)工作和身心健康(kang)。計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)在國民經(jing)(jing)濟各個領域，諸如(ru)(ru)氣(qi)象預測預報、航(hang)空(kong)管理、鐵路(lu)(lu)運輸、郵(you)電(dian)業務、微波通信、證券營(ying)運、財政金融(rong)、人(ren)造衛星、導彈發射(she)等方面的(de)(de)應用日益普及和深入，熱(re)這些(xie)領域都是(shi)(shi)與(yu)國名經(jing)(jing)濟息(xi)息(xi)相關(guan)的(de)(de)，一(yi)(yi)旦計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)系(xi)統在運行中(zhong)發生(sheng)(sheng)故障，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)件(jian)大(da)的(de)(de)故障會給國名經(jing)(jing)濟帶(dai)拉額巨大(da)的(de)(de)損失，造成的(de)(de)政治影響(xiang)更(geng)不(bu)容(rong)忽視。
2．機房(fang)的靜電及其防(fang)護靜電引起的問題(ti)不僅硬件(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)員很難查出，有(you)時還會(hui)(hui)是軟件(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)員誤認為是軟件(jian)(jian)故(gu)障，從而(er)造成(cheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)混亂。此外，靜電通過人(ren)(ren)體對計算(suan)機或其他設備(bei)放(fang)電時(即(ji)所(suo)謂的打火)當能(neng)量達到一定程度，也會(hui)(hui)給人(ren)(ren)以觸電的感覺，造成(cheng)操作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)維護人(ren)(ren)員的精神負(fu)擔，影(ying)響工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效率。如何防(fang)止靜電的危害，不僅涉及計算(suan)機的設計，而(er)且(qie)與計算(suan)機房(fang)的結構和(he)環境(jing)條件(jian)(jian)有(you)很大的關系。在建(jian)設和(he)管理計算(suan)機房(fang)時，分析靜電對計算(suan)機的影(ying)響，研(yan)究(jiu)其故(gu)障特(te)性，找(zhao)出產生靜電的根源，制定減少以至消除靜電的措施，始終是一個重要(yao)課題(ti)。
3．靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，主要體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)現在靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)上。可以說半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)對靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)感，也就是計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)對靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)感。隨著(zhu)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工業的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),組成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)――半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)也得到(dao)了(le)(le)迅速的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。由(you)于半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)密度(du)(du)(du)、高(gao)增益(yi)，又促進了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)速度(du)(du)(du)、高(gao)密度(du)(du)(du)、大(da)容量和(he)小型化。與(yu)此同時(shi)，也導(dao)致了(le)(le)半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)本(ben)身對靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)越(yue)來越(yue)敏(min)感。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)表現有兩(liang)種類型。一種是元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)損害(hai)，一種是引(yin)(yin)起計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)誤動(dong)作(zuo)或運(yun)算(suan)(suan)錯(cuo)誤。元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)損害(hai)主要是只用于計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中，大(da)規模(mo)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，對雙極(ji)(ji)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)也有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。對于早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，當靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(通常(chang)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓很高(gao))初級到(dao)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)管腿時(shi),靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)對其放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),使(shi)(shi)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)擊穿. 近年(nian)來,由(you)于MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)、速度(du)(du)(du)快、價格低，因而得到(dao)了(le)(le)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。目前大(da)多數(shu)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)都具有端接保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，提高(gao)了(le)(le)抗靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保護能力。盡管如此，再使(shi)(shi)用時(shi)，特別是在維修和(he)更換時(shi)，同樣要注意靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影星，過高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓依然會(hui)使(shi)(shi)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)擊穿。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)引(yin)(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)誤動(dong)作(zuo)或運(yun)算(suan)(suan)錯(cuo)誤，是由(you)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)休觸及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)，對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，有可能使(shi)(shi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)邏輯元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)輸入(ru)錯(cuo)誤信號，引(yin)(yin)起計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)出錯(cuo)。嚴重者還會(hui)是送入(ru)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)程序紊亂。此外靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外部設備也有明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。帶陰極(ji)(ji)射線(xian)管的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯示設備，當受到(dao)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)干擾時(shi)，會(hui)引(yin)(yin)起圖像紊亂，模(mo)糊(hu)不(bu)請(qing)。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還將(jiang)造成(cheng)Modem、網卡、Fax等工作(zuo)失常(chang)，打(da)印機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)走線(xian)不(bu)順等故障(zhang)。
4．計算機靜電故障(zhang)的特(te)點:
1)． 計算機(ji)因靜電引起的(de)故(gu)障特點
a． 靜電(dian)故障出現的(de)季節，主要是冬春(chun)干燥期(qi)，就是說靜電(dian)隨(sui)濕度(du)而改變。
b． 靜電引起(qi)的(de)(de)故障偶發性(xing)(xing)多，重復(fu)性(xing)(xing)不強(qiang)，一般是隨(sui)機性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)故障，因(yin)此，難于(yu)找出其誘發的(de)(de) 原因(yin)。
c． 靜電與計算(suan)機(ji)房采(cai)用的地板。使(shi)用的家具(ju)和(he)工作(zuo)人員的工作(zuo)服(fu)有關(guan)。
d． 靜電致電子計(ji)算機出現(xian)錯誤動作時(shi)，往往是當(dang)人體(ti)或(huo)其它(ta)絕(jue)緣體(ti)與計(ji)算機設(she)備相(xiang)接觸時(shi) 發生(sheng)。
2)． 靜電放(fang)電引起計算機故障的原因
a． 由(you)于(yu)電(dian)流(liu)瞬時流(liu)經機(ji)殼(ke)，對(dui)信號線，電(dian)源線產生的感應噪聲。
b． 由(you)于(yu)靜電產生(sheng)的(de)高壓(ya)，引(yin)起(qi)機殼地，安(an)全的(de)電位(wei)變動，從(cong)而引(yin)起(qi)邏輯地產生(sheng)的(de)電位(wei)變動。
c． 由于靜(jing)電(dian)放電(dian)時的接觸部分產(chan)生的電(dian)磁波(bo)給于信(xin)號的輻(fu)射噪聲
計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)房的(de)(de)防靜(jing)電(dian)技術，是(shi)(shi)屬于(yu)(yu)機(ji)(ji)房安全于(yu)(yu)防護范疇的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)部(bu)分(fen)。由于(yu)(yu)種種原因(yin)而(er)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)，是(shi)(shi)發生(sheng)(sheng)最頻繁，最難(nan)消(xiao)除的(de)(de)危害之一(yi)(yi)。靜(jing)電(dian)不(bu)僅會對計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)運行出現隨機(ji)(ji)故障，而(er)且還會導致某些(xie)元器件(jian)，如(ru)(ru)CMOS、MOS電(dian)路(lu)(lu)，雙級性(xing)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)等的(de)(de)擊穿(chuan)和毀壞。此外，還會影響(xiang)操(cao)作人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)和維護人(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)正常的(de)(de)工作和身心健康(kang)。計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)在國民經(jing)(jing)濟各個領域，諸如(ru)(ru)氣(qi)象預測預報、航(hang)空(kong)管理、鐵路(lu)(lu)運輸、郵(you)電(dian)業務、微波通信、證券營(ying)運、財政金融(rong)、人(ren)造衛星、導彈發射(she)等方面的(de)(de)應用日益普及和深入，熱(re)這些(xie)領域都是(shi)(shi)與(yu)國名經(jing)(jing)濟息(xi)息(xi)相關(guan)的(de)(de)，一(yi)(yi)旦計(ji)算機(ji)(ji)系(xi)統在運行中(zhong)發生(sheng)(sheng)故障，特別(bie)是(shi)(shi)件(jian)大(da)的(de)(de)故障會給國名經(jing)(jing)濟帶(dai)拉額巨大(da)的(de)(de)損失，造成的(de)(de)政治影響(xiang)更(geng)不(bu)容(rong)忽視。
2．機房(fang)的靜電及其防(fang)護靜電引起的問題(ti)不僅硬件(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)員很難查出，有(you)時還會(hui)(hui)是軟件(jian)(jian)人(ren)(ren)員誤認為是軟件(jian)(jian)故(gu)障，從而(er)造成(cheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)混亂。此外，靜電通過人(ren)(ren)體對計算(suan)機或其他設備(bei)放(fang)電時(即(ji)所(suo)謂的打火)當能(neng)量達到一定程度，也會(hui)(hui)給人(ren)(ren)以觸電的感覺，造成(cheng)操作(zuo)(zuo)系統(tong)作(zuo)(zuo)維護人(ren)(ren)員的精神負(fu)擔，影(ying)響工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效率。如何防(fang)止靜電的危害，不僅涉及計算(suan)機的設計，而(er)且(qie)與計算(suan)機房(fang)的結構和(he)環境(jing)條件(jian)(jian)有(you)很大的關系。在建(jian)設和(he)管理計算(suan)機房(fang)時，分析靜電對計算(suan)機的影(ying)響，研(yan)究(jiu)其故(gu)障特(te)性，找(zhao)出產生靜電的根源，制定減少以至消除靜電的措施，始終是一個重要(yao)課題(ti)。
3．靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，主要體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)現在靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)上。可以說半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)對靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)感，也就是計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)對靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)感。隨著(zhu)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工業的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),組成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)――半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)也得到(dao)了(le)(le)迅速的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。由(you)于半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)密度(du)(du)(du)、高(gao)增益(yi)，又促進了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)速度(du)(du)(du)、高(gao)密度(du)(du)(du)、大(da)容量和(he)小型化。與(yu)此同時(shi)，也導(dao)致了(le)(le)半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)器件(jian)(jian)(jian)本(ben)身對靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)反應(ying)越(yue)來越(yue)敏(min)感。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)表現有兩(liang)種類型。一種是元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)損害(hai)，一種是引(yin)(yin)起計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)誤動(dong)作(zuo)或運(yun)算(suan)(suan)錯(cuo)誤。元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)損害(hai)主要是只用于計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中，大(da)規模(mo)集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，對雙極(ji)(ji)性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)也有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。對于早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，當靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(通常(chang)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓很高(gao))初級到(dao)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)管腿時(shi),靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)對其放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),使(shi)(shi)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)擊穿. 近年(nian)來,由(you)于MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)、速度(du)(du)(du)快、價格低，因而得到(dao)了(le)(le)廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。目前大(da)多數(shu)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)都具有端接保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，提高(gao)了(le)(le)抗靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保護能力。盡管如此，再使(shi)(shi)用時(shi)，特別是在維修和(he)更換時(shi)，同樣要注意靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影星，過高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓依然會(hui)使(shi)(shi)MOS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)擊穿。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)引(yin)(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)誤動(dong)作(zuo)或運(yun)算(suan)(suan)錯(cuo)誤，是由(you)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)休觸及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)，對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，有可能使(shi)(shi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)邏輯元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)輸入(ru)錯(cuo)誤信號，引(yin)(yin)起計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)出錯(cuo)。嚴重者還會(hui)是送入(ru)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)程序紊亂。此外靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外部設備也有明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。帶陰極(ji)(ji)射線(xian)管的(de)(de)(de)(de)顯示設備，當受到(dao)靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)干擾時(shi)，會(hui)引(yin)(yin)起圖像紊亂，模(mo)糊(hu)不(bu)請(qing)。靜(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還將(jiang)造成(cheng)Modem、網卡、Fax等工作(zuo)失常(chang)，打(da)印機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)走線(xian)不(bu)順等故障(zhang)。
4．計算機靜電故障(zhang)的特(te)點:
1)． 計算機(ji)因靜電引起的(de)故(gu)障特點
a． 靜電(dian)故障出現的(de)季節，主要是冬春(chun)干燥期(qi)，就是說靜電(dian)隨(sui)濕度(du)而改變。
b． 靜電引起(qi)的(de)(de)故障偶發性(xing)(xing)多，重復(fu)性(xing)(xing)不強(qiang)，一般是隨(sui)機性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)故障，因(yin)此，難于(yu)找出其誘發的(de)(de) 原因(yin)。
c． 靜電與計算(suan)機(ji)房采(cai)用的地板。使(shi)用的家具(ju)和(he)工作(zuo)人員的工作(zuo)服(fu)有關(guan)。
d． 靜電致電子計(ji)算機出現(xian)錯誤動作時(shi)，往往是當(dang)人體(ti)或(huo)其它(ta)絕(jue)緣體(ti)與計(ji)算機設(she)備相(xiang)接觸時(shi) 發生(sheng)。
2)． 靜電放(fang)電引起計算機故障的原因
a． 由(you)于(yu)電(dian)流(liu)瞬時流(liu)經機(ji)殼(ke)，對(dui)信號線，電(dian)源線產生的感應噪聲。
b． 由(you)于(yu)靜電產生(sheng)的(de)高壓(ya)，引(yin)起(qi)機殼地，安(an)全的(de)電位(wei)變動，從(cong)而引(yin)起(qi)邏輯地產生(sheng)的(de)電位(wei)變動。
c． 由于靜(jing)電(dian)放電(dian)時的接觸部分產(chan)生的電(dian)磁波(bo)給于信(xin)號的輻(fu)射噪聲
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